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Mental Health

Have No Fear: Treating Phobias


Author:

Karen Barrow

Medically Reviewed On: June 15, 2005

During a session, a therapist will try to help the person think through and evaluate the thought process that leads to anxiety. By understanding that turbulence is fairly normal during a plane trip, for example, a person may be able to rationalize their anxiety away the next time they need to fly. But cognitive therapy is only half of the equation for successful treatment. After understanding how one should think through a fear, he or she needs to actually apply the technique in real life.

Therefore, cognitive therapy sessions lead to behavioral therapy, where the patient is confronted with what it is that makes them so afraid. This may begin with imagery or a scaled-down version of the thing that is feared, gradually leading up to more and more intense experiences. It is here where an antianxiety medicine, such as Valium, Xanax or Klonopin, may be used to help the person get the nerve to stare fear in the face, but drugs are used only if really needed. If a person is always given an antianxiety drug before an experience, he or she may believe that they are unable to successfully handle the scary experience without a pill.

Facing a Phobia Alone
Many people are able to overcome a fear without the help of a therapist. The key is an interest and curiosity about learning the process of behavioral therapy, says Wilson. There are three aspects of overcoming a phobia that need to be emphasized: frequency, intensity and duration.

Wilson suggests writing a list of the things you find most threatening about your fear in order of most anxiety-filled to the least. For example, if you are afraid of spiders, arachnophobia, finding a web in your house may cause only a little sense of panic, while encountering a tarantula may send you running in terror. After this list is compiled, stand up to what you dread.

"Confront your fear and allow yourself to be distressed, then hang out in the distress, and pull back when you want," advises Dr. Wilson.

It is normal to be moderately stressed at first. For a fear of spiders, you could first look at photographs, then venture to your basement where a few spider webs may hang. Eventually you'll be able to take a trip to a zoo to see spiders behind glass and even hike through the woods, looking for the eight-legged creatures.

The key is persistence. Once you start confronting a phobia, keep taking tiny steps towards reaching your goal: a life not crippled by anxiety and worry.

"If you just begin to chip away at your fear, you'll be surprised how far you might get," says Dr. Wilson.

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